once() ヘルパーの内部実装 — Once・Onceable・PreventsCircularRecursion

function random(): int
{
    return once(function () {
        return random_int(1, 1000);
    });
}

random(); // 123
random(); // 123 (キャッシュされた結果)
random(); // 123 (キャッシュされた結果)

class NumberService
{
    public function all(): array
    {
        return once(fn () => [1, 2, 3]);
    }
}

$service = new NumberService;

$service->all();
$service->all(); // (キャッシュされた結果)

$secondService = new NumberService;

$secondService->all();
$secondService->all(); // (キャッシュされた結果、$serviceとは別のキャッシュ)

use Illuminate\Support\Once;
use Illuminate\Support\Onceable;

if (! function_exists('once')) {
    function once(callable $callback)
    {
        $onceable = Onceable::tryFromTrace(
            debug_backtrace(DEBUG_BACKTRACE_IGNORE_ARGS, 2),
            $callback,
        );

        return $onceable
            ? Once::instance()->value($onceable)
            : call_user_func($callback);
    }
}

class Onceable
{
    public function __construct(
        public string $hash,
        public ?object $object,
        public $callable,
    ) {
        //
    }

    public static function tryFromTrace(array $trace, callable $callable)
    {
        if (! is_null($hash = static::hashFromTrace($trace, $callable))) {
            $object = static::objectFromTrace($trace);

            return new static($hash, $object, $callable);
        }
    }

    protected static function objectFromTrace(array $trace)
    {
        return $trace[1]['object'] ?? null;
    }

    protected static function hashFromTrace(array $trace, callable $callable)
    {
        if (str_contains($trace[0]['file'] ?? '', 'eval()\'d code')) {
            return null;
        }

        $uses = array_map(
            static function (mixed $argument) {
                if ($argument instanceof HasOnceHash) {
                    return $argument->onceHash();
                }

                if (is_object($argument)) {
                    return spl_object_id($argument);
                }

                return $argument;
            },
            $callable instanceof Closure
                ? (new ReflectionClosure($callable))->getClosureUsedVariables()
                : [],
        );

        $class = $callable instanceof Closure
            ? (new ReflectionClosure($callable))->getClosureCalledClass()?->getName()
            : null;

        $class ??= $trace[1]['class'] ?? null;

        return hash('xxh128', sprintf(
            '%s@%s%s:%s (%s)',
            $trace[0]['file'],
            $class ? $class.'@' : '',
            $trace[1]['function'],
            $trace[0]['line'],
            serialize($uses),
        ));
    }
}

function greet(string $name)
{
    return once(fn () => "Hello, {$name}!");
}

greet('Alice'); // "Hello, Alice!" を計算してキャッシュ
greet('Bob');   // $name の値が違うのでハッシュも変わり、再計算される

class Once
{
    protected static ?self $instance = null;

    protected static bool $enabled = true;

    protected function __construct(protected WeakMap $values)
    {
        //
    }

    public static function instance()
    {
        return static::$instance ??= new static(new WeakMap);
    }

    public function value(Onceable $onceable)
    {
        if (! static::$enabled) {
            return call_user_func($onceable->callable);
        }

        $object = $onceable->object ?: $this;

        $hash = $onceable->hash;

        if (! isset($this->values[$object])) {
            $this->values[$object] = [];
        }

        if (array_key_exists($hash, $this->values[$object])) {
            return $this->values[$object][$hash];
        }

        return $this->values[$object][$hash] = call_user_func($onceable->callable);
    }

    public static function enable()
    {
        static::$enabled = true;
    }

    public static function disable()
    {
        static::$enabled = false;
    }

    public static function flush()
    {
        static::$instance = null;
    }
}

use Illuminate\Support\Once;

beforeEach(function () {
    Once::disable();
});

afterEach(function () {
    Once::enable();
    Once::flush();
});

trait PreventsCircularRecursion
{
    protected static $recursionCache;

    protected function withoutRecursion($callback, $default = null)
    {
        $trace = debug_backtrace(DEBUG_BACKTRACE_PROVIDE_OBJECT, 2);

        $onceable = Onceable::tryFromTrace($trace, $callback);

        if (is_null($onceable)) {
            return call_user_func($callback);
        }

        $stack = static::getRecursiveCallStack($this);

        if (array_key_exists($onceable->hash, $stack)) {
            return is_callable($stack[$onceable->hash])
                ? static::setRecursiveCallValue($this, $onceable->hash, call_user_func($stack[$onceable->hash]))
                : $stack[$onceable->hash];
        }

        try {
            static::setRecursiveCallValue($this, $onceable->hash, $default);

            return call_user_func($onceable->callable);
        } finally {
            static::clearRecursiveCallValue($this, $onceable->hash);
        }
    }

    // getRecursiveCallStack() / getRecursionCache() / setRecursiveCallValue()
    // / clearRecursiveCallValue() はいずれも WeakMap ベースの実装
}

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Concerns\PreventsCircularRecursion;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Category extends Model
{
    use PreventsCircularRecursion;

    public function getPathAttribute(): string
    {
        return $this->withoutRecursion(function () {
            // parentのpathを参照する処理で
            // 循環参照が発生してもここで無限ループを防ぐ
            return $this->parent
                ? $this->parent->path.' > '.$this->name
                : $this->name;
        }, default: $this->name);
    }
}